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Location * exact location, relative location
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Place * Natural features, human features
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Regions * physical land features including mountains, hills, lowlands, coastal plains, plains, river valleys, salt marshes, swamps, beaches AND human characteristics including culture
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Movement * settlement patterns, trade, transportation of products and goods, movement of people [settling, vacationing], movement of ideas
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Relationships * People and the land. People and the ecosystem. Mining and the land. Refuges and saving animals. Regional changes over time.
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Map study * outline maps, regions of the world by continents, annual precipitation, climate regions, topographic maps, water resources, distance between cities
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Climate zones * Frigid (tundra) , Temperate (grasslands, broadleaf deciduous), Tropical (broadleaf evergreen, rainforests, savannas)
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Land and landforms * Continents, islands (atolls, coral reefs), elevations (mountains, plateaus, hills, slopes), depressions (canyons, chasms, gorges, gulches, valleys, karsts), plane regions (pampas, plains, steppes, tundras), coastal regions and shorelines)
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Vegetation regions * Forests, grasslands, deserts, swamps, marshes
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Air Water * Atmosphere (precipitation; air temperature); oceans and seas, rivers; ponds; estuaries
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Hemispheres * Northern, southern, eastern, western
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Map reading * Map scales, symbols, abbreviations (topographic map symbols, prime meridian line, latitude, longitude, census address, population, water symbols)
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MAPS * North America, Central America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, Antarctica
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Books and resources to support the study of geography
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