Unit 1: The Economics of Fishing Stations - Think About It : What economic explorations and successes did the West Country investors of England have along the Newfoundland coast that prepared them to expand to the North American coast and particularly to the English settlements of Salem and Boston?

Unit 2 : Gathering Investors and the "Push" and "Pull" factors on English people - Think About It : What was "pushing" some people to leave England and "pulling" other people to America? How did a scarcity of land in England add to the "push" factor for the settlement of the New World? How did the geographic environment in England affect the profits and losses of investors?

TOPIC TWO BIG QUESTION: How did sugar cane spurt the dealings of businessmen along the Atlantic coastal regions?

The economics of sugar cane: Think About It: Provide evidence of how the growing of sugar cane and the growth of the slave trade were entwined in Europe's exploitation of the islands of the Atlantic?

Task 1. Think About It : How did the regional growing conditions for sugar cane in the Caribbean provide opportunities for investors?
• How did the regional climate of the Caribbean Islands provide an investment opportunity to grow sugar cane and to gradually exploit the land and the people?
• How did the process for growing sugar cane create a need for more slaves and for the further development of the Triangular Slave Trade of the 16th - 19th centuries.
  • West African Slave Trade ( Slave Trade Narrative )
  • African Diaspora Map ( Mapping Africa )

III. HOW DID THE PROFIT IN RICE OF NORTH AMERICAN BUSINESS INVESTERS CHANGE THE LIVES OF MANY AFRICANS?

TOPIC THREE. Think About It: How did the regional climate of Georgia and the Carolinas provide an investment opportunity to grow rice and to exploit the knowledgeable people of Western Africa to run and work the rice plantations as slaves?

1. Think About It : How did the regional growing conditions for rice in the Carolinas provide opportunities for investors?
• What evidence exists of the rice cultivation systems in Africa?
  • The Gullah ( Rice, Slavery, and the Sierra Leone-American Connection )
  • Gullah/Geechee-Sierra Leone Connection to rice cultivation coupled with a high resistance to malaria due to the sickle cell trait
  • Bance Island home of Royal African Company of England
• How does the rice culture influence gender roles in Africa? women in African
  Importance of sea grass basket weaving in regional culture.
2. Think About It : How did the expertise of African slaves in growing rice play a crucial role in the American South?
• The process of cultivating rice
• The Gullah Rice, Slavery, and the Sierra Leone-American Connection
• Slaves from the Rice Coast ( Advertisement )

IV. WHAT FACTORS IN THE WORLD INFLUENCED THE EXTINCTION OF USING INDENTURED SERVANTS IN THE LABOR MARKET AT THIS TIME IN HISTORY?

TOPIC FOUR: Have you thought about: From a businessman's point of view, how did regional investments make this a convenient time to replace indentured workers with slave labor?

V. MARKETING THE ATLANTIC COASTAL COLONIES: How does one convince people to emigrate to North America?

TOPIC FIVE: Think About It : What promotion of the natural resources, climate conditions, or land features might appeal to people who might be considering emigrating?

1. What promotional practices did the Massachusetts investors use to attract settlers?
2. What do we know from a 1666 letter of Robert Horne to his parents in England that highlighted settler life in the province of Carolina?
3. What might we detect about Maryland and its Native Inhabitants from the 1634 written impressions of Father Andrew White?
4. Was William Wood's "New England's Prospect" (1634) influential in sharing information about New England ?

VI. CONFLICT AMONGST THE PEOPLE: Early friction of the Massachusetts colonists with the indigenous peoples.

TOPIC SIX: Think About It : What might have caused the Europeans and Native peoples to disagree?

1. Think About It: As a 21st century person looking back to the 1600s, was John Eliot a help or a hindrance to the "Praying Indians"?
• "Praying Indians" in the 1600s
• "Praying Indians" in Natick , Massachusetts (1650)
• How were the Christian Indians caught between the warring English and the tribes supporting King Philip? (Narrative )
• A history of the Massachuset native peoples.
• Nipmuc "Praying Indians" in Connecticut
2. Think About It: What if John Sassamon had made it home that night?
• Defend this statement, "John Sassamon was killed because he was a Christian Indian." (Pro or Con) ( Letter )
• Provide evidence directly linking John Sassamon's death to the beginning of King Philip's War. ( Narrative )
3. Think About It: How did English encroachment of the land result in King Philip's War (1675) that provoked equally vicious attacks by both Puritans and Native Americans? ( Narrative )
• Successful diplomacy averts warfare. How did the English and Metacom carry on negotiations? ( Narrative )
• How accurate are the visual documents existing about Metacom (*) ?
• What do we know of the devastation of King Philip's through documentation of the capture of colonist, Mary Rowlandson (*), and the concurrent killing of English and Native Americans? [Illustrations and drawings depicting Native Americans]
• Deerfield, Massachusetts (1704) - Native raid during French and Indian War (see: 973.22)
• What were King Philip's views of the situation recorded by John Easton? ( Narrative )

Virginia, 1570-1620

• Virginia Company (*)
• 1619 - Robert Johnson, Nova Britannia: Offering most excellent fruites by planting in Virginia. ( * )
• 1619 Letter of John Pory, Virginia Company ( * )
• Timeline - Jamestown, Virginia (see: 975.5)
• Dutch slave ship (1619)

VII. Colonial Period:1620-1643

• Williamsburg (1632)- its colonial years (see: 917.55 VA)
• Firefighting - in Colonial Virginia
• Capt. John Smith (1624)
• John Smith becomes a leader (X)
• Massachusetts - colonial coinage (see: 974.402)
• John Josselyn - mapping Massachusetts Bay colony (see:974.402)
• New England rarities - discovered by John Josselyn (see:974.402)

• Smith's Map of New England, 1614 (*)
• Pre-1633 Planters of the Massachusetts Bay Colony (*)
• William Wood's 1634 Map of Plymouth (*)
• Passengers on the Mayflower: Ages & Occupations, Origins & Connections (*)
• Archives and Analysis of Plymouth Colony, 1620-1691 (*)
• Plymouth Town Early Descriptions, 1620-1628 (*)
• Landing of the Pilgrims (*)
• Governors of Plymouth Colony (*)
• Thomas Morton (1637) ( * )
• History of the Wampanaog People (*)
• Native People of Massachusetts (*)
• Native Americans of Massachusetts (*)
• William Hubbard's Map of New England, 1677 (*)
• Marblehead, Massachusetts (1629) - history (see: 917.445)
• Natick, Massachusetts (1650) - John Eliot and the "Praying Indians" (see: 973.22)
• New England Ministers - profiles (see: 974.402)
• Massachusetts Charter (see: 974.4640) (*)
• Winthrop Fleet of 1630 by Charles Banks (*)
• Robert Keaine's economic crimes (Boston, 1639) ( * )
• 1675 Provisions (*)
• Smallpox - colonial disease(see: 974.4640)
• Mayflower Compact - 1620 ( *)
• Map of Counties in England, 1787 (*)
• Map of Counties of Massachusetts (*)
• Reasons for the Plantation in New England (John Winthrop) (*)
• The Great Migration: Ships to New England, 1633-1635 (*)
• Massachusetts Bay Portrait Gallery (*)
• Ponkapoag Indians of Canton (*)
• Ponkapoag Indian Deeds (*)
• Will and Inventory of Mary Chilton Winslow (*)
• Grave of Mary Chilton Winslow (*)
• Mary Dyer (*)
• English Fishery and Trade (*)
• Salem Witchcraft Accounts: 1692 ( * )

• 17th century cultural and economic influences
  • Fort Mose in St. Augustine area as haven for enslaved Africans ( * )
  • African Captives Yoked In Pairs ( * )
  • 17th century Black Laws in Maryland and Virginia ( * )
  • Anthony Johnson - Might an indentured black servant achieve success as a free black man?
    • Antonio Johnson - Court Document ( * )
    • Contesting Anthony Johnson's property ( * )
    • Portrait of a Negro (Anthony Johnson?) - ( * )
• 18th century cultural and economic influences
  • Venture Smith ( * ) ( Narrative)
  • Smallpox-free slaves - Charlestown, 1769 - Slave Auction broadside ( * )
  • Images 1 and Images 2 of African-American Slavery and Freedom

A Miss Rumphius Award recipient who practiced at the Joseph Lee School, Boston, MA and whose class page was sited at http://lee.boston.k12.ma.us/d4/d4.html

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Last modified: June 20, 2015.